How to Write An About Me Page As a Freelance Writer

Get some about me page models Thus, you need to be an independent author and you realize you need a blog to do this. OK. Presently what? Indeed, you certainly need an About me page on your independent composing site. Possibilities need to think about you, isn't that so? What are you assume to put on your About me page? Keep in mind, a blog for your independent composing business isnt about you (stunning!) †its about the possible customer. What's more, that goes for your About page duplicate as well. Also, one more thing †one of your most well known pages on your site will be your About me page! I need to impart to you my excursion as an independent author †from the earliest starting point to now. Thinking back, I was much the same as you in the relatively recent past! I did likewise things as you and ordinarily I fizzled. Yet, I dont need that for you authors! I need to help you as much as Possible! Before we get into this post, on the off chance that you dont have the opportunity to understand this, look at my video on making your About page for your business. Additionally try to buy in to my YouTube channel for independent journalists! (You can without much of a stretch buy in by drifting over my headshot in the upper left corner of this video!) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FVAkUNwaobE My First About Me Page Copy as a Brand New Freelance Writer I was fresh out of the plastic new to numerous things when I set up my first author site. I additionally was new to advancing a business on the web! I didnt know anything. I wound up taking a gander at other independent essayist sites to assist me with making sense of what I expected to accomplish for mine. Here is my unique About me page duplicate for my essayist site: Is it accurate to say that you are maintaining your own business alone? Do you discover you don’t have enough hours in the day to complete everything? Perhaps it’s time to get some assistance! I’m Elna Cain and I have an energy for composing. I appreciate composing on an assortment of subjects and I enjoy inundating myself in finding out about new and energizing regions. I have a lot of involvement with the psychological well-being field and instructive setting as I have a bachelor’s in Psychology and have worked in training for a long time. I am additionally a hitched millennial mother of twin little children with master information, intrigue and individual involvement with child rearing, vocation counsel, common and all encompassing living, connections, raising twins and being a work-at-home mother. I am adroit at carefully exploring any theme given and I work to create unique yet captivating writing for my customers. I likewise have a lot of involvement with making very much streamlined, internet searcher neighborly substance for customers who need to build their online traffic and perceivability. My essential composing center is around article, blog and website content, yet I am consistently open to different zones of composing. I likewise do eBook structure and organizing. I use Adobe Illustrator and Adobe InDesign to make an expert and current eBook plan. At the point when I am not composing, you can discover me at the recreation center pursuing my rowdy multi year old twins. Some extraordinary things about this duplicate is: Im addressing expected customers in the principal sentence or two I notice my involvement in SEO content (which †at the time †I dont think I knew a lot) I shared a portion of my character toward the finish of this duplicate Some not all that good things about this duplicate is: I utilize troublesome language in this †fastidiously and composition. I could never utilize these words now! I dont have validity in what Im saying †Having connections to what you are discussing can assist you with getting increasingly tenable in your specialty. I notice an excessive number of specialties and administrations †While its alright to have more than one specialty, dont have 5 or six and dont have 4 or 5 administrations either! I notice that I can expound on any subject †this is as large no-no. You dont need to advertise yourself as a catch-all essayist; you need to showcase yourself as the go-to author in a specific specialty subject. Did I Land Freelance Writing Jobs With This Copy? Truly, I did. Be that as it may, the gigs I had were changed and everywhere. A portion of these gigs too an excessive amount of time to compose on the grounds that it wasnt right up my alley of information. When I had tests and customer posts with bylines distributed, I needed to change my About me page duplicate to mirror this. A couple of months after the fact from beginning my independent composing business, I had the option to share connects to where I was composing on my About me page. Some enormous things I saw that helped my advanced my About me page are: I separated my content with shot records †Many entrepreneurs dont have the opportunity to sit and peruse long sections. On the off chance that you make your data simple to peruse, theyll stick around longer. I have connections to my composing †Its a smart thought to connection to your writing in your About me page. Keep in mind, possibilities dont have the opportunity to look ALL over your essayist site. I attempt to persuade perusers to recruit me †The part in my About me page where I ask, yet would you say you are pondering, why me? is my method of persuading possibilities that Im special and not the same as different authors. The not all that good thing about this About me page duplicate is that Im despite everything advertising myself as a handyman author. I havent niched down yet. My About Page Copy a Little Over a Year Later It took me longer than a year to at last specialty down to the computerized showcasing specialty. In this way, starting here on, my About me page duplicate mirrors that. What's more, a few things Iâ kept from before are my feature and projectile records. In any case, Im New to Freelance Writing Alright, so youre new and you have to compose your About me page duplicate. I would advance yourself as an independent essayist for recruit and notice what specialties you serve. I would make your duplicate spotlight on your likely customer. What do they need for their composition? Conveyed on schedule Organized fittingly Modern Connecting with composing Sourced Surpasses what the customer needed! About Me Page Examples These are things you can mesh into your About me page to make it compelling! In the event that you need more assistance, look at my post on different approaches to compose your About page to draw in customers. Become a Highly-Paid Writer Today!

Great Expectations Dickens writing is purely political Free Essays

Charles Dickens was conceived on the seventh of February 1812, not long before the time that is know as the Victorian Era. Dickens was a political writer before turning into a writer, which may well have helped him to convey his political messages in his books. Dickens gets along nicely at this, for instance from perusing Great Expectations one can obviously comprehend his perspectives on social classes and how he needs to roll out an improvement by communicating them to people in general, principally the rich. We will compose a custom exposition test on Extraordinary Expectations: Dickens composing is simply political or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now Pip is the hero and storyteller in Great Expectations. Just from his name we can become familiar with some of Dicken’s messages. Pip, is an extremely short name. Dickens named him Pip to show that in light of the fact that your little in the public arena, that doesn’t mean you can’t become large. As pip grew up, and rose in the social classes, Dickens is selling the rich that the poor can possibly be large in the public eye. Pip at that point clarifies how he never came to know his dad or mom since they had died when he was too youthful to even think about knowing them. The perusers will feel compassion toward pip now. Dickens likewise adds diversion to the scene, when he has pip portray his folks by the style of composing on their gravestones, for instance when he depicts his father ‘ he was a square, heavy, dull man†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Dickens additionally utilizes this to render out an energetic guiltlessness in Pip, as when the convict, Magwitch, gets some information about his folks, Pip discusses them as they show up on the headstone. When Magwitch is presented by Dickens, portray by Pip as a ‘fearful man’, the perusers will feel worried for Pip and his security. Notwithstanding, they will likewise have sympathy for the man, as Pip depicts him as a ‘man with no cap and with broken shoes’. Dickens works superbly at causing the perusers to feel sorry for both Pip and Magwitch simultaneously. The perusers will feel like they have to help Pip, as he is undermined with threat when Magwitch says ‘ I’ll cut your throat!’ Although Pip is overwhelmed by the convict, he is still exceptionally amenable and kind to him, for instance pip answers with ‘Sir’ often, giving an indication of regard and great way. This tells the perusers that in light of the fact that an individual is poor, Pip for this situation, that it doesn’t mean they are not an honorable men. Pip is likewise genuine with Magwitch, further underscoring Dicken’s sees. Dickens has Pip be respectful to Magwitch; this is on the grounds that Dickens needs the perusers to perceive how Gentleman-like needy individuals really are. Dickens has Magwitch power Pip to get him some food, by undermining him with an underhanded friend of his. We before long discover that this partner is really made up. Dickens does this so that Magwitch isn't as abhorrent as he is by all accounts, and is in someway sparing Pip from the supposed danger. It likewise shows how frantic Magwitch is for food, and how edgy needy individuals would go just to live. Onto part 8, the perusers are acquainted with a Mr. Pumblechook. Dickens has added this character to make humor and to accentuate his political messages. Mr Pumblechook believed that he was a respectable man since he was rich. However when differentiated to Pip, Pip is the genuine noble man. Dickens message is dynamic and clear; you don't should be rich to be a respectable man. Dickens has Mr. Pumblechook ask Pip a great deal of inquiries, for example, ‘Seven times nine, boy?’ Pip doesn't have the foggiest idea about the appropriate response; this is on the grounds that he isn't instructed. Quickly the perusers will feel compassion toward Pip, as they feel that he merits one. This will likewise give the perusers the suspicion that Mr. Pumblechook. As Pip portrayed, he couldn't have his morning meal as Mr. Pumblechook continued asking him inquiries he knew he couldn’t answer, thus hypothetically preventing him from eating. Dickens utilizes this to convey his message that so as to be taken care of, one must be instructed. This will cause the rich to accept that the poor merit training. It will cause the perusers to trust Mr. Pumblechook is a narrow minded man. Mr. Pumblechook adds cleverness to the scene since he can be classed as a ‘wanna-be’ rich individual. Both social classes will locate this amusing so it is an engaging method of Dickens to keep the perusers intrigued and getting a charge out of the book, while sharing his political perspectives. Dickens additionally gave him the name ‘Pumblechook’ on the grounds that it doesn’t sound intense, as is he. It will make him sound more like a joke than a man of his word. When Pumblechook takes Pip to Miss. Havisham’s house, Pip meets Estella, the brutal creation of Mrs. Havisham’s own frenzy. Estella’s magnificence astonishes him. Anyway Pip discovers that she doesn't mirror her external looks within, and rather is barbarous within. The message here is basic; the rich look pleasant outwardly, yet do not have that integrity within. Mrs. Havisham, who received Estella, is the proprietor of the manor Pip is visiting. She is a distraught and wrathful lady, adulterating Estella to break Pip’s heart as her fianc㠯⠿â ½ had done beforehand. This shows how the rich are narrow minded of different people’s emotions, and for this situation, Pip, the poor little fellow. It will make the rich crowd consider how they treat poor people, and make Dicken’s messages effective. The rich additionally put a great deal of focus on poor people, as exhibited in Chapter 8. At the point when Pip was playing with Estella, she has comments at the effect between the classes. ‘He calls the frauds, jacks, this boy†¦ and what coarse hands he has! Also, what thick boots!’ This shows she is ill bred to Pip since he is poor and uneducated. This likewise squeezes Pip to change; Pip needed to change since he loved Estella, yet knew he she could never like him on the off chance that he wasn’t a ‘gentleman’. Additionally, when Miss. Havisham approaches Pip about his affections for Estella, he apprehensively and modestly answers ‘ I don’t like to say’. Miss. Havisham answers ‘Tell me in my ear’. This gives an indication of lack of respect and dismissal to what Pip needs to state, and politically Dickens uses to depict how the rich negligence what the poor need to state in the public eye. Miss. Havisham’s house is extremely huge and wonderful. Anyway within, it is old and terrible, ‘the stopping of all the pale rotted objects’ is a model. Dickens does this since it is a portrayal of how Dickens depicts the rich. It is additionally to portray how the rich spread their outside with decent garments to conceal the pitilessness within. From part one and 8 of Great Expectations, the announcement above could be demonstrated valid; Dickens composing is absolutely political. Dickens utilization of characters, differentiate, setting, analogies, and portrayal, has embedded numerous messages in cunning ways with the goal that the peruser will learn of them. Dickens isn't just a political essayist, yet is a remarkable author all together. His capacity to join an incredible story with political implications is maybe why he is known as perhaps the best writer ever. The most effective method to refer to Great Expectations: Dickens composing is absolutely political, Papers

Global Fellow Kofi Annan Addresses Columbia Community COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

Global Fellow Kofi Annan Addresses Columbia Community COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog Last week at Columbia former United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan discussed climate change during his delivery of the Gabriel Silver Lecture at Columbia’s World Leaders Forum. Annan is part of the first cohort of SIPAs Global Fellows Program, a distinguished group of global leaders, each of whom has played a significant role in designing, shaping, or implementing solutions to critical global problems. The following description of the event comes from the Columbia News Web site: The Gabriel Silver Memorial Lectures were inaugurated in 1950 at the School of International and Public Affairs to foster international understanding and world peace. The first lecture was given by Dwight D. Eisenhower. Annan’s talk on climate change coincides with a range of Columbia-hosted events showcasing other leaders on the issue, including Sir Nicholas Stern, noted economist; Denmarks minister for climate and energy, Connie Hedegaard; and the University’s own experts in climate science and policy. The Columbia Global Fellows Program was established to bring to campus each year a distinguished group of global leaders, each of whom has played a significant role in designing, shaping or implementing solutions to critical global problems. In May, SIPA Dean John H. Coatsworth announced Kofi Annan as one of three inaugural Global Fellows; the others include Alfred Gusenbauer, former chancellor of Austria, and Tung Chee Hwa, former chief executive of Hong Kong. You can view a full video of Mr. Annans speech by visiting this link.

Dean College Admissions SAT Scores, Costs More

The End of Toeic Essay Samples Questions

The End of Toeic Essay Samples Questions The Secret to Toeic Essay Samples Questions You're able to write a paper by yourself and even now. There are a few other suggestions for donations on the Chicago Pet Workshop site. Benefits of Online essay Writing Services Essay writing is an ambitious undertaking for the majority of the students today. Anyway you need to decide to earn a Teacher Cover Letter Example. Whatever sample you select, make sure your CV is readable and gets attention from the recruiters at first. Your responses could possibly be different. The sample is there to offer you an impression on the characteristic of the paper. Most samples are at no cost. You might still manage to obtain a point or two. The way the topic affected you'll play a huge part in the way you will write your essay. The main portion of a quick essay is known as the body. Examine the matter from the standpoint of the reader. When selecting high school essay format, step one is to recognize the kind of essay you want to write. Bear in mind that the sample answers are only ideas. Thus, you've got to consider from the view of an artist to come up with a superior body paragraph of A level essay. There are typically 3 body paragraphs in a persuasive essay, and each one it used to talk about a particular point about this issue. Your closing statement should be quite so emphatic that the reader is completely convinced about your position. To state your primary point, your final sentence in the very first paragraph is essential. High school essay examples incorporate a selection of short essays like narrative, persuasive and analytical. Writing a high school essay if you've got the tips about how to do essay effectively. High school essays are structured very similarly irrespective of the topic and very good essay structure will let you write a very clear essay that flows from 1 paragraph to the next. Cause and effect essays are a few of the most usual pieces, students will be asked to write. In Questions 1 and 2 you are going to be requested to read a bit of text out loud. You may then choose a topic from this list to produce your creative writing ideas. The topic doesn't require any specialized understanding. Writing of scholarship graduate essay is an incredibly tough academic task simply because students have to demonstrate they are capable of accomplishing the task that they're applying for. For instance, a student will be asked to answer a prompt requiring them explain just what happens to a kid's health that starts smoking cigarettes. You must find the proper resources for your essay together with patience when finding the correct inspiration to write. Many people think that high school entrance essays are comparatively less difficult to write than college entrance essays, that is the reason there are fewer places where you are able to get assistance with higher school entrance essays. For instance, you won't see questions which are about a particular calendar year, name, or location. Once you opted to find a service that has the ability to write essay for money, you should upload the essential information and fill in the purchase form. If you want to include more detail, that's perfectly fine and solely your choice, the parent. You have to provide as many facts about the picture as possible in the time allowed. So so as to receive a small relief from this additional burden, it is very important that students receive their essays written by online professionals. When you're taking reference from the samples, you must search for the sample that supplies you with best presented details of former jobs, education and present skills. There are a few topics which are absolutely unseen and students find difficulty in locating the perfect direction and method of information collection. As a parent, you're able to fully anticipate the teachers and faculty to at least keep your eye on the kid and permit you to know whether they see any problems.

Developing a Marketing Research Proposal Free Essays

Marketing Research Professor Tom Tafolla Midterm Exam Developing a Marketing Research Proposal 84179 Marketing Research Proposal Kraft Food Healthy Snack Product Development for 50+ Market Introduction For years, Kraft Foods are hiring experts to conduct lengthy studies on a product’s marketability, visual and taste, all to sell you more foods stuffed with sugar, fat and salt. Now Kraft Food is blamed by publics it only cares about consumers’ personal taste, but not personal health, especially for the aged people. Since baby boomer is a uge population in the US and nave a strong purchasing power, they are trying to save their losing competitiveness in this huge market. We will write a custom essay sample on Developing a Marketing Research Proposal or any similar topic only for you Order Now Therefore Kraft Food’s product development department is seeking a research service consultant to conduct baby boomer market, to discover new product opportunities of healthy snacks. Research Objectives The objectives of this research are: 1 . To understand how baby boomers make snack purchase decisions and choices. 2. To learn who are the key influencer in snack consumption decisions in baby boomer market 3. To gain insights into the obstacles to choosing Kraft Food product 4. To understand what health considerations exist in baby boomer market Marketing Challenges and Opportunities Challenges: 1 . Kraft Food products’ images are deeply rooted in the hearts of people’s mind, which is tasty, satisfying your bliss point, but not very healthy. 2. Snack is usually designed for leisure time between meals; people seldom consider its health value. Opportunities: 1. Baby boomer is a huge market and has strong purchasing power 2. The lack of healthy snack market 3. If consumer is looking for an easy way to eat healthy, without having to change their daily routine too drastically, snacks should be a good entry point. Information Coverage Information for this research will be collected according to the following hierarchy of needs: 1. Baby boomer group information 2. Healthy food information Research Design Primary Research: 1 . In store observation: baby boomer’s purchasing routine and behavior on snacks. Healthy considerations while making choice. 2. In home interview: baby boomer’s eating routine on snacks How to cite Developing a Marketing Research Proposal, Essays

Something from Nothing the Art of Rap free essay sample

To understand the culture of hip-hip, understanding the origins of the art is pertinent to the goal. The Ice-T directed film, Something From Nothing, explores the perspectives and personalities of both present-day and early hip-hop pioneers. Ice-T gained, much deserved, respect when the film was accepted Into the Issuance Film Festival. In the documentary, release In the summer of 201 2, Ice-T shows the birth of hip-hip by literally starting at the place that is credited with the dawn of hip- hop music, New York City.As the film goes on, Ice-T and his film crew make their way wrought all the major sites in hip-hip culture, such as Detroit, Los Angles, Compton, and Long Beach, California. The entire film is made up of interviews that are filmed on a location that is relevant to the artist, whether it be in their home, studio or a place that is integral to hip-hop. One notable question that Ice-T asks every artist is, What advice would you give to an aspiring rapper or hip-hop artist? The answers to this question vary greatly, observing the responses shows the theme of Ice-TTS message. We will write a custom essay sample on Something from Nothing: the Art of Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Hip-hop as a culture is very diverse and rap as a musical art form Is also ere diverse In the sense that It means different things to deferent people. Throughout the film, viewers start to see some underlying theme with many of the artists. From the beginning, in the boroughs of New York City, Queens, Brooklyn and the Bronx, hip-hop always had an element of dope. An element of dope can be thought of as another way to describe something that is a Power Move. In many of the interviews, Ice-T Juxtaposes the artists raps with the reactions of him and the film crew.This sets up a situation where the audience is able to see a Power Move, the artist recites their rap, and the people round them react to the ;dope lyrics. For example, In the Interview with Kenya West, Ice-T asks West to describe one of his early experiences with rap battling. West describes a situation where he was Involved In a rap battle with another guy from his school or neighborhood. West goes on to describe a situation where we recited his rap in the impromptu street stage and then it was his opponents turn.West believe he had the more intelligent lyrics to deliver the best power move. However, his opponent, someone named Chris, goes on to say Hey you, my name is Chris and you smell like pips! West then reminisces over the reaction of the crowd where Chris completely disregarded all the rhymes recited by West. Instead, Chris used a classic power move and brought the crowd to his side with a simple, but powerful, rhyme. West concludes his interview by Jokingly pondering the consequences of those early rap battles on the simplicity of his own presenters rap lyrics.Rap battles have a special significance In hip-hop culture because of the spontaneous nature of the lyrical fight. KIRKS-One describes a situation where his start to rap came when he was Just a bystander In an ongoing rap battle. When one f the rappers pointed to KIRKS;One out of the blue, he was forced to respond or implications of the sink or swim mentality of power moves and hip-hop culture over all. By choosing to lyrically fight back, KIRKS-One found his talent and fondness for reciting hard-hitting l yrics with an effect. Many times, the effect portion of a rap song was only made possible by the existence of a DC behind the MAC. DC Premier one of the few Ads interviewed by Ice-T in this film. In his interview, DC Premier highlights the difference between having sneakers and actual Ideas. He is speaking about the practical application of the crossroads between lack and desire. Premier goes on to say that having Just sneakers wasnt enough, the desire for brand-name Ideas was prevalent in the early days of hip-hop.In a widened scope, the desire for brand-names shows the desire of those who are many times ignored by society. Through the interviews with DC Premier and others, Ice-T shows the causes for the birth of rap and hip-hop as a culture. From these desires, a creative outlet was needed for the youth in lower economic tiers of society. The film is successful in explaining the origins of hip-hop as well as signifying the elements of rap that make it a driving force of the music industry.Through his longevity in the larger American pop culture, Ice-T has gained many friends and he was not afraid to ask him to appear in this film. A film of this scale with this many legendary artists would not have been possible without an artist like Ice-T. It is a break away from many mainstream interviews and documentaries of hip- hop, in the sense that this film looks at rap and hip-hop from the inside. With the right mix of artists, Ice-T and his film crew were able to tell a story that will be cited in many future generations. Something from Nothing the Art of Rap free essay sample As the film goes on, Ice-T and his film crew make their way through all the major ties in hip-hip culture, such as Detroit, Los Angles, Compton, and Long Beach, California. The entire film is made up Of interviews that are filmed on a location that is relevant to the artist, whether it be in their home, studio or a place that is integral to hip-hop. One notable question that Ice-T asks every artist is, What advice would you give to an aspiring rapper or hip-hop artist? The answers to this question vary greatly, observing the responses shows the theme of Ice-Its message.Hip-hop as a culture is very diverse and rap as a musical art form is also very diverse in the sense that it means different hinge to different people. Throughout the film, viewers start to see some underlying theme with many of the artists. From the beginning, in the boroughs of New York City, Queens, Brooklyn and the Bronx, hip-hop always had an element of dope. We will write a custom essay sample on Something from Nothing: the Art of Rap or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page An element of dope can be thought of as another way to describe something that is a Power Move. In many of the interviews, Ice-T juxtaposes the artists raps with the reactions of him and the film crew.This sets up a situation where the audience is able to see a Power Move, the artist recites their rap, and the people around them react to the dope lyrics. For example, in the interview with Kenya West, Ice-T asks West to describe one of his early experiences with rap battling. West describes a situation where he was involved in a rap battle with another guy from his school or neighborhood. West goes on to describe a situation where we recited his rap in the impromptu street stage and then it was his opponents turn. West believe he had the more intelligent lyrics to deliver the best power move. However, his opponent, someone named Chris, goes on to say Hey you, my name is Chris and you smell like pips! West then reminisces over the reaction of the crowd where Chris completely swaggered all the rhymes recited by West. Instead, Chris used a classic power move and brought the crowd to his side with a simple, but powerful, rhyme. West concludes his interview by jokingly pondering the consequences of those early rap battles on the simplicity of his own presenters rap lyrics.Rap battles have a special significance in hip-hop culture because of the spontaneous nature of the lyrical fight. KIRKS-One describes a situation where his start to rap came when he was just a bystander in an ongoing rap battle. When one of the rappers pointed to KIRKS-One out of the blue, he was forced o respond or forever have a stigma against him. The experience of KIRKS-One further shows the implications of the sink or swim mentality of power moves and hip-hop culture over all. By choosing to lyrically fight back, KIRKS- One found his talent and fondness for reciting hard-hitting lyrics with an effect.Many times, the effect portion of a rap song was only made possible by the existence of a DC behind the MAC. DC Premier one of the few Des interviewed by Ice-T in this film. In his interview, DC Premier highlights the difference between having sneakers and actual Aids. He is speaking about the practical application of the crossroads between lack and desire. Premier goes on to say that having just sneakers wasnt enough, the desire for brand-name Aids was prevalent in the early days of hip-hop. In a widened scope, the desire for brand-names shows the desire of those who are many times ignored by society. Through the interviews with DC Premier and others, Ice-T shows the causes for the birth of rap and hip-hop as a culture. From these desires, a creative outlet was needed for the youth in lower economic tiers of society. The film is successful in explaining the origins of hip-hop as well as signifying the elements of rap that make it a driving force of the music industry.

Similarities Between Human and Animal Communication Essays

Similarities Between Human and Animal Communication Essays Similarities Between Human and Animal Communication Paper Similarities Between Human and Animal Communication Paper Unsurprisingly one animal which communicates in a very similar way to humans is chimpanzees, so much so that an area of the brain involved in planning and producing speech, and sign language in humans plays a similar role in chimpanzee communication. Another similarity between chimpanzee and humans is the use of body language. Chimpanzees have evolved many facial and body muscles to help them convey messages, for example erect hair shows agitation or aggression; grinning portrays fear; prolonged staring is threatening behaviour; and hanging the lower lip indicates a calm, relaxed mood. If emotions of humans and animals are observed; one cant deny the obvious similarities. For example, the fear emotion, humans and animals have similar responses; widened eyes, open mouth, rapid heartbeat, hair stands on end, muscles tremble and so on. The ease encountered in training animals can be mainly attributed to the fact that as humans we share with animals many methods of communication. However, it takes some effort for both humans and animals to be able to effectively interpret the meanings behind some behaviors. For instance, we humans tend to shake hands hen we meet with a new person, dogs however, have another type of handshake: they will tend to smell the behind of the other dog. While these approaches may seem quite different, in reality they are both methods of getting to know another person and greeting them. There are several similarities we may observe between humans and animals in their daily interactions. A happy dog will romp around Just as a child, a mad dog may bark, growl and bare its teeth while a human will yell and may give verbal warnings. Animals may communicate similar feelings as humans owever, the method of expressing them may be quite different. Communication by definition means the ability to send information to another, via any given form of medium. Even on the most basic level, communication can be as simple as a facial expression, or as complex as the mysterious and majestic whale song heard beneath the ocean waters. Sure, animals are capable of generating a multitude of sounds, which could be construed as though it was imitating human language. Most animal research as determined that animal language is unique, but s lacking the complexity or expressiveness of human speech. Another thing all creatures do, both big and small is vocalizing. I am not necessarily speaking about speech, but if you carefully listen to both humans and animals you can here the distinct variation in the sounds being made. If a human is happy, his or her voice will sound much more clearly and can exhibit an elevation in volume. Animals that emote with sound, can also show the same distinct sound change, which is why most owners can tell if their pet is happy.

French and Indian War - Campaigns of 1756-1757

French and Indian War - Campaigns of 1756-1757 Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns Changes in Command In the wake of Major General Edward Braddocks death at the Battle of Monongahela in July 1755, command of British forces in North America passed to Governor William Shirley of Massachusetts. Unable to come to an accord with his commanders, he was replaced in January 1756, when the Duke of Newcastle, heading the British government, appointed Lord Loudoun to the post with Major General James Abercrombie as his second in command. Changes were also afoot to the north where Major General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm, Marquis de Saint-Veran arrived in May with a small contingent of reinforcements and orders to assume overall command of French forces. This appointment angered the Marquis de Vaudreuil, governor of New France (Canada), as he had designs on the post. In the winter of 1756, prior to Montcalms arrival, Vaudreuil ordered a series of successful raids against the British supply lines leading to Fort Oswego. These destroyed large quantities of supplies and hampered British plans for campaigning on Lake Ontario later that year. Arriving in Albany, NY in July, Abercrombie proved a highly cautious commander and refused to take action without Loudouns approval. This was countered by Montcalm who proved highly aggressive. Moving to Fort Carillon on Lake Champlain he feinted an advance south before shifting west to conduct an attack on Fort Oswego. Moving against the fort in mid-August, he compelled its surrender and effectively eliminated the British presence on Lake Ontario. Shifting Alliances While fighting raged in the colonies, Newcastle sought to avoid a general conflict in Europe. Due to changing national interests on the Continent, the systems of alliances that had been in place for decades began to decay as each country sought to safeguard their interests. While Newcastle wished fight a decisive colonial war against the French, he was hampered by the need to protect the Electorate of Hanover which had ties to the British royal family. In seeking a new ally to guarantee the safety of Hanover, he found a willing partner in Prussia. A former British adversary, Prussia wished to retain the lands (namely Silesia) it had gained during the War of the Austrian Succession. Concerned about the possibility of a large alliance against his nation, King Frederick II (the Great) began making overtures to London in May 1755. Subsequent negotiations led to the Convention of Westminster which was signed on January 15, 1756. Defensive in nature, this agreement called for Prussia to pr otect Hanover from the French in exchange for the British withholding aid from Austria in any conflict over Silesia. A long-time ally of Britain, Austria was angered by the Convention and stepped up talks with France. Though reluctant to join with Austria, Louis XV agreed to a defensive alliance in the wake of increasing hostilities with Britain. Signed on May 1, 1756, the Treaty of Versailles saw the two nations agree to provide aid and troops should one be attacked by a third party. In addition, Austria agreed not to aid Britain in any colonial conflicts. Operating on the fringe of these talks was Russia which was eager to contain Prussian expansionism while also improving their position in Poland. While not a signatory of the treaty, Empress Elizabeths government was sympathetic to the French and Austrians. War is Declared While Newcastle worked to limit the conflict, the French moved to expand it. Forming a large force at Toulon, the French fleet began an attack on British-held Minorca in April 1756. In an effort to relieve the garrison, the Royal Navy dispatched a force to the area under the command of Admiral John Byng. Beset by delays and with ships in ill-repair, Byng reached Minorca and clashed with a French fleet of equal size on May 20. Though the action was inconclusive, Byngs ships took substantial damage and in a resulting council of war his officers agreed that the fleet should return to Gibraltar. Under increasing pressure, the British garrison on Minorca surrendered on May 28. In a tragic turn of events, Byng was charged with not doing his utmost to relieve the island and after a court-martial was executed. In response to the attack on Minorca, Britain officially declared war on May 17, nearly two years after the first shots in North America. Frederick Moves As war between Britain and France was formalized, Frederick became increasingly concerned about France, Austria, and Russian moving against Prussia. Alerted that Austria and Russia were mobilizing, he did likewise. In a preemptive move, Fredericks highly disciplined forces began an invasion of Saxony on August 29 which was aligned with his enemies. Catching the Saxons by surprise, he cornered their small army at Pirna. Moving to aid the Saxons, an Austrian army under Marshal Maximilian von Browne marched towards the border. Advancing to meet the enemy, Frederick attacked Browne at the Battle of Lobositz on October 1. In heavy fighting, the Prussians were able to compel the Austrians to retreat (Map). Though the Austrians continued attempts to relieve the Saxons they were in vain and the forces at Pirna surrendered two weeks later. Though Frederick had intended the invasion of Saxony to serve as a warning to his adversaries, it only worked to further unite them. The military events of 1756 effectively eliminated the hope that a large-scale war could be avoided. Accepting this inevitability, both sides began re-working their defensive alliances into ones that were more offensive in nature. Though already allied in spirit, Russia officially joined with France and Austria on January 11, 1757, when it became the third signatory of the Treaty of Versailles. Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns British Setbacks in North America Largely inactive in 1756, Lord Loudoun remained inert through the opening months of 1757. In April he received orders to mount an expedition against the French fortress city of Louisbourg on Cape Breton Island. An important base for the French navy, the city also guarded the approaches to the Saint Lawrence River and the heartland of New France. Stripping troops from the New York frontier, he was able to assemble a strike force at Halifax by early July. While waiting for a Royal Navy squadron, Loudoun received intelligence that the French had massed 22 ships of the line and around 7,000 men at Louisbourg. Feeling that he lacked the numbers to defeat such a force, Loudoun abandoned the expedition and began returning his men to New York. While Loudoun was shifting men up and down the coast, the industrious Montcalm had moved to the offensive. Gathering around 8,000 regulars, militia, and Native American warriors, he pushed south across Lake George with the goal of taking Fort William Henry. Held by Lieutenant Colonel Henry Munro and 2,200 men, the fort possessed 17 guns. By August 3, Montcalm had surrounded the fort and laid siege. Though Munro requested aid from Fort Edward to the south it was not forthcoming as the commander there believed the French had around 12,000 men. Under heavy pressure, Munro was forced to surrender on August 9. Though Munros garrison was paroled and guaranteed safe conduct to Fort Edward, they were attacked by Montcalms Native Americans as they departed with over 100 men, women, and children killed. The defeat eliminated the British presence on Lake George. Defeat in Hanover With Fredericks incursion into Saxony the Treaty of Versailles was activated and the French began making preparations to strike Hanover and western Prussia. Informing the British of French intentions, Frederick estimated that the enemy would attack with around 50,000 men. Facing recruitment issues and war aims that called for a colonies-first approach, London did not wish to deploy large numbers of men to the Continent. As a result, Frederick suggested that the Hanoverian and Hessian forces that had been summoned to Britain earlier in the conflict be returned and augmented by Prussian and other German troops. This plan for an Army of Observation was agreed to and effectively saw the British pay for an army to defend Hanover that included no British soldiers. On March 30, 1757, the Duke of Cumberland, son of King George II, was assigned to lead the allied army. Opposing Cumberland were around 100,000 men under the direction of the Duc dEstrà ©es. In early April the French crossed the Rhine and pushed towards Wesel. As the dEstrà ©es moved, the French, Austrians, and Russians formalized the Second Treaty of Versailles which was an offensive agreement designed to crush Prussia. Outnumbered, Cumberland continued to fall back until early June when he attempted a stand at Brackwede. Flanked out of this position, the Army of Observation was compelled to retreat. Turning, Cumberland next assumed a strong defensive position at Hastenbeck. On July 26, the French attacked and after an intense, confused battle both sides withdrew. Having ceded most of Hanover in the course of the campaign, Cumberland felt compelled to enter into the Convention of Klosterzeven which de-mobilized his army and withdrew Hanover from the war (Map). This agreement proved highly unpopular with Frederick as it greatly weakened his western frontier. The defeat and convention effectively ended Cumberlands military career. In an effort to draw French troops away from the front, the Royal Navy planned attacks on the French coast. Assembling troops on the Isle of Wight, an attempt was made to raid Rochefort in September. While the Isle dAix was captured, word of French reinforcements in Rochefort led to the attack being abandoned. Frederick in Bohemia Having won a victory in Saxony the year before, Frederick looked to invade Bohemia in 1757 with the goal of crushing the Austrian army. Crossing the border with 116,000 men divided into four forces, Frederick drove on Prague where he met the Austrians who were commanded by Browne and Prince Charles of Lorraine. In a hard fought engagement, the Prussians drove the Austrians from the field and forced many to flee into the city. Having won in the field, Frederick laid siege to the city on May 29. In an effort to recover the situation, a new Austrian 30,000-man force led by Marshal Leopold von Daun was assembled to the east. Dispatching the Duke of Bevern to deal with Daun, Frederick soon followed with additional men. Meeting near Kolin on June 18, Daun defeated Frederick forcing the Prussians to abandon the siege of Prague and depart Bohemia (Map). Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns Prussia Under Pressure Later that summer, Russian forces began to enter the fray. Receiving permission from the King of Poland, who was also the Elector of Saxony, the Russians were able to march across Poland to strike at the province of East Prussia. Advancing on a broad front, Field Marshal Stephen F. Apraksins 55,000-man army drove back Field Marshal Hans von Lehwaldt smaller 32,000-man force. As the Russian moved against the provincial capital of Kà ¶nigsberg, Lehwaldt launched an attack intended to strike the enemy on the march. In the resulting Battle of Gross-Jgersdorf on August 30, the Prussians were defeated and forced to retreat west into Pomerania. Despite occupying East Prussia, the Russians withdrew to Poland in October, a move which led to Apraksins removal. Having been ousted from Bohemia, Frederick was next required to meet a French threat from the west. Advancing with 42,000 men, Charles, Prince of Soubise, attacked into Brandenburg with a mixed French and German army. Leaving 30,000 men to protect Silesia, Frederick raced west with 22,000 men. On November 5, the two armies met at the Battle of Rossbach which saw Frederick win a decisive victory. In the fighting, the allied army lost around 10,000 men, while Prussian losses totaled 548 (Map). While Frederick was dealing with Soubise, Austrian forces began invading Silesia and defeated a Prussian army near Breslau. Utilizing interior lines, Frederick shifted 30,000 men east to confront the Austrians under Charles at Leuthen on December 5. Though outnumbered 2-to-1, Frederick was able to move around the Austrian right flank and, using a tactic known as oblique order, shattered the Austrian army. The Battle of Leuthen is generally considered Fredericks masterpiece and saw his army inflict losses totaling around 22,000 while only sustaining approximately 6,400. Having dealt with the major threats facing Prussia, Frederick returned north and defeated an incursion by the Swedes. In the process, Prussian troops occupied most of Swedish Pomerania. While the initiative rested with Frederick, the years battles had badly bled his armies and he needed to rest and refit. Faraway Fighting While fighting raged in Europe and North America it also spilled over to the more faraway outposts of the British and French Empires making the conflict the worlds first global war. In India, the two nations trading interests were represented by the French and English East India Companies. In asserting their power, both organizations built their own military forces and recruited additional sepoy units. In 1756, fighting began in Bengal after both sides began reinforcing their trading stations. This angered the local Nawab, Siraj-ud-Duala, who ordered military preparations to cease. The British refused and in a short time the Nawabs forces had seized the English East India Companys stations, including Calcutta. After taking Fort William in Calcutta, a large number of British prisoners were herded into a tiny prison. Dubbed the Black Hole of Calcutta, many died from heat exhaustion and being smothered. The English East India Company moved quickly to regain its position in Bengal and dispatched forces under Robert Clive from Madras. Carried by four ships of line commanded by Vice Admiral Charles Watson, Clives force re-took Calcutta and attacked Hooghly. After a brief battle with the Nawabs army on February 4, Clive was able to conclude a treaty which saw all British property returned. Concerned about growing British power in Bengal, the Nawab began corresponding with the French. At this same time, the badly outnumbered Clive began making deals with the Nawabs officers to overthrow him. On June 23, Clive moved to attack the Nawabs army which was now backed by French artillery. Meeting at the Battle of Plassey, Clive won a stunning victory when the conspirators forces remained out of the battle. The victory eliminated French influence in Bengal and the fighting shifted south. Previous: French Indian War - Causes | French Indian War/Seven Years War: Overview | Next: 1758-1759: The Tide Turns

Issues with Executive compensation and benefits Research Paper

Issues with Executive compensation and benefits - Research Paper Example Moreover, assessing the strategies adopted by those organizations to mitigate such challenges, recommendations for the management of EL Camino Hospital will be drawn on how to resolve the situation. Historical View of El Camino Hospital El Camino Hospital is regarded as one of the oldest non-profit healthcare organizations operating in the state of California, the United States. The construction of the hospital building started in the year 1958 with a total investment of around US$ 7.3 million. It is worth mentioning that the funds invested were generated though issuance of funds to the general public. The hospital started operating in the year 1961 with a total of 300 beds, which gradually increased over the years. The hospital often been regarded to be the first to implement computerized medicinal information system. This particular development attracted a larger volume of people to avail the services offered by the hospital. Since its establishment, the hospital has also acquired a substantial number of well-known medical institutions under its name, making it one of the biggest as well as oldest non-profit healthcare organizations in the state of California (El Camino Hospital, 2013). Assessment of Current Challenges As revealed in the article, i.e. ‘El Camino Hospital Officially Files Lawsuit over Executive Pay Cap’, the hospital has filed a lawsuit against Service Employees International Union (SEIU). SEIU is a form of international labor union, which aims to protect employee welfare and to mitigate the problems faced by the labors while conducting various sorts of operational functions (SEIU, n.d.). The prime intention of the lawsuit can be interpreted as to negate a voter-backed initiative that would limit the compensation of the executives of the hospital. Thus, from this particular notion, it can be affirmed that the current challenge faced by El Camino Hospital is linked with executive compensation. Relating to the article, it can furthe r be observed that the people or the individuals within the hospital county voted to support the clause measure M taken to restrict the compensation obtained by the top-level management of the hospital, which was then accounted to be less than twice the salary of California’s governor. The lawsuit of the hospital identified two officials named Kary Lynch and Laura Huston as defendants, stating that they were found to be the main individuals who supported the clause (measure M). It is worth mentioning that the hospital also filed a suit against the chief Human Resource Manager of the hospital for being equally liable in motivating the employees to support the clause under the guidance of SEIU. Lawyers were also appointed by the non-profit healthcare organization to restrict the measures into healthcare districts, which were being supported by the SEIU. It is worth mentioning that although the hospital did not mention the name of SEIU, Mr. Lynch and Ms. Huston were directly add ressed in the lawsuit (Herman, 2013; Modern Healthcare, 2013; Embarcadero Media, 2013). Review of Other Organizations That Had Similar Situation and the Strategy They Used To Address the Issue In the current phenomenon, there are certain organizations, which have to face similar issues concerning the arrangements of executive compens

The Choice of Green Technology Project by Projmanics LTD Assignment

The Choice of Green Technology Project by Projmanics LTD - Assignment Example Finally, it intends to get the views of the management on whether the project will deliver their set objectives. The team conducted a research to find out the needs of the consumers and stakeholders who are the main beneficiary of this project. The methods employed in collecting data from the stakeholders of this project included interviews, focused group discussions, and customer reviews from the website of projmanics (Sproul, Wan, Mandel & Rosenfeld, 2014). This was done to ensure that the needs of the stakeholders were prioritized in coming up with this type of project. The team intended to come up with an idea that was user-centered and not an idea that originates from the management. When users of projmanics were interviewed to give their opinion on the types of products and services they wanted, they were fast to point out innovation. Being concerned about their environment and the prevailing climate change, the citizens of UAE wanted to see the company come up with environmentally friendly products. This was motivated by the recent entry of the country in the list of top tourist destinations in the world. Projmanics, which for a very long time had dealt in the manufacture of various products ranging from electronics to machinery, also had to share in the vision and goals of their consumers (Harris, Barucci, Cano, Fitzsimmons, Fulchignoni, Green & Schà ¤fer, 2013). It is against this backdrop that the team proposed green technology as the next feature to see the growth of the company in the country and also abroad. This was to join the rest of the world and be on the forefront in leading the green technology revolution. The aim of this project is to see the company build another plant responsible for the manufacture of eco-friendly products such as electronics and machinery. These  include such things as energy generating equipment like solar panels, wind turbines and other machines that utilize green energy like solar-powered automobiles.

Theories of Defence Mechanisms and Psycho-Sexual Development

Theories of Defence Mechanisms and Psycho-Sexual Development Psychoanalysis A discussion on what’s inside Chung Dennis Psychoanalysis’s definition is the study of a comprehensive theory pertaining to the process of understanding human nature, motivation, behaviour, development and experience through the exploration of the unconscious thoughts of the human mind. It is governed by rules of understanding whereby each individual is unique at birth, there social media, and other external factors outside and not within the persons awareness or control (Unconscious thoughts, feelings and experiences) that influence his or her thoughts and actions, that what happened during the childhood and other early experiences echoes and affect the outcome of the individual during the adolescence and mature stage of life that ongoing experiences in a persons life are always engaged and ongoing in the process of development through their lives. (American Psychoanalytic Association 2009 2014) These are the 5 key concept of psychoanalysis that I am focusing on. First, there is the concept of personality construction regarding the 3 basic ideas of the ID, Ego and Super Ego as according to Sigmund Freud. The id is the component of a personality that is already there from birth. The aspect of personality is unconscious and includes the instinct and primitive behaviours. According to Cherry, K. (2014.), the id is a psychic energy that makes it the primary component of personality. This personality that drives the individual is instinctive and it is by Sexual and Aggression energy. The ego is a component of personality that is guilty for dealing with what is the reality. According to Cherry, K. (2014), the ego develops from the ID and ensures impulses of the id personality can be expressed possible and acceptable manner in society. This personality is shaped by the influences or the outside word by the means of society, trends and also social media. (Cherry, K. 2014.) In accordance in her book, Cherry, K. (2014) states that the Super EGO personality is broken down into two parts, the two parts that affect the outcome of the superego in the individual is firstly, The EGO idea, where it sets the rules and standards for good behaviours through the upbringing and social circles that the individual is in. These behaviours include those which are approved and set by the parents and other higher authority or social figures. And by so following the rules set by them it give the person feelings of value and accomplishment. The part of the conscience come into play whereby it includes information about things that are viewed as unaccepted in terms of the magnitude portrayed by the parents and by society. These behaviours and actions will then be followed on by bad consequences, punishments or guilt and remorse. The Second key concept is the presence of Defence Mechanism, Defence mechanisms are manners and methods in which we behave, think and react in certain ways to better protect and to distance one selves from a being fully awareness of unpleasant thoughts, feelings, actions, morals or behaviours. (Grohol, J. M. (2013)) In Grohol, J. M. (2013) article, he states that psychologists have categorized defences mechanisms depending on how primitive they are. The more instinctual they are the more effective they are against in the context of short-term denials, and hence are favoured by many people and amongst children especially. The few defence mechanisms are; Firstly denial, the refusing to accept the facts or reality. Therefore by so doing, arguing an anxiety and by provoking stimuli and in its reaction, stating it does not exist then thus blocking it out. (Heffner C.L. (2001)) Secondly, repression. It is a mental reaction state that returns the individual to a previous stage of development. Reactions varies from crying in a corner when being sad to throwing a temper when thing are not going their way. The third defence mechanism is intellectualization, it supplies a logical and or rational reason as in relations to the actual conscious reason, therefore, theories and logic are given for a clinical explanation to the situation of behaviour instead of reality The forth defence mechanism is projection, it is an extrovert reaction by throwing† the bad emotions (anger, frustration, sadness) unto another person feeling the opposite, by so doing, making themselves feel better than the affected individual. The last but not least defence mechanism is sublimation. It is the transferring the anxiety of the situation into a more positive energy and therefore coping with the problem better. For example as given by Heffner C.L. (2001) diverting ones aggressive impulses toward a career as a boxer, becoming a surgeon because of your desire to cut or by lifting weights to release aggressive energy We then move on to one of Freud’s theories which are the psycho-sexual development of an individual. It describes how personality develops during childhood. However, these are still a controversial theory. It revolves around the ID becoming very much focus on the specific erogenous areas. The psychosexual energy, also known as the libido, is the driving force behind behaviour in every individual. It revolves around these 5 stages: The Oral stage that revolves at the time of birth, it revolves around the mouth of the baby; fixation or restrictions in oral might result in having a passive, gullible, immature,manipulativepersonality. (Sim, M. 1974) The Anal stage revolves around the bowels and bladder eliminating of waste from the body. Being fixated at this stage might lead to being Anal Retentive (Being too organized) or Anal Expulsive (Being too unorganized or reckless) The Phallic stage starts at the age of six; the individual starts to discover the genitals of his or her body. Then after which he or she will compare it to their mother or father, whichever gender that poses a threat or competition. For example, the son is being jealous of the father for the right of the mother and the daughter being jealous of the mother for the right of the father. The Latent stage happens from age 6 to the stage of puberty. It is the consolidation of the entire lesson learnt and habits picked up from the previous three stages where the child would then develop his or her own thinking and therefore start consolidating it into his own EGO and thus creating his or her own drive with the influences of the ID. The last stage also known as the Genital stage, stretches across the spam of the entire life of the child as he or she breaks his bond and becomes independent from the parents both psychologically and sexually. The child then squares off with the ID and EGO to come out with a more intellectual side of his thinking process, to relate through friendship, love relationship. Psychoanalysis also emphasises on the role of the unconscious or according the Corey. G. (2012) a slip of the tongue is also known as the Freudian Slip is a lapse of the mind where by the unconscious is somehow surfaced without the person actually realising the meaning of it but to the therapist, he can interpret it as something hidden and known to the mind. It is influenced by a number of disciplines, including psychology, sociology, anthropology, literature, and art. (Cherry, K. 2014.) According to Cherry, K. (2014) Freud divided it to three levels of mind in comparison to an ice burg. The top or the surface portion of the iceberg above water represents the conscious mind. The halves submerge part of the iceberg that is the bridge between the unconscious is also known as the preconscious, it is known to house the anxieties and defence mechanisms as the guardians of the bridge. The rest of the submerged part of the iceberg is hidden, unseen beneath and is known as unconscious, only by going through or in the absence of the ‘Guardians’ also known as the defence mechanisms and anxiety, only then will the unconscious can surface and be tapped into . The last factor is in relations to the childhood development is stating and supporting the theory that whatever happens during the psycho-sexual stage of the child’s development. It states that the fixations of the child when they are young will echo and cause them to construct habits of their own uniqueness according to what they were fixated with. Psychoanalysis in modern therapy revolves around the practice of free association and the skill of the therapist on how he deciphers and organise by working on and the interpretation of dreams and fantasies. This therapy is also costly and requires a lot of time as the deriving of the unconscious cannot be done at one go. The therapist must also try to identify the resistance and the defence mechanism in the client in order to allow the unconscious to be conscious and by so doing making him feel safe with no anxieties or criticism that will trigger him back into the state of psychological self-defence. For example in Newirth, J. (2013) book, he is using psychoanalysis in in the means of developmental hermeneutic approach. That is one way that modern practitioners are inculcating psychoanalytic therapy into their own way of therapy. Advantages of psychoanalysis are that through its therapy and analysis whereby through the unconscious opens up a window to get to the root of the problem. It helps control and constructs the ID, EGO and Super EGO of the individual. Through the construction of the individual’s personalities, it allow the change of feeling and also the change of the person’s behaviour and mentality towards all things around him as he is more in control of his ID, EGO and Super EGO However, there are disadvantages of this therapy as it requires a long time to treat the fellow individual and as it requires many sessions in order to understand and analysis the unconscious thoughts of the individual. Thus, having more session which requires more money per visit. It also states that there aren’t much therapist trained in the field of classical psychoanalysis as it takes loads of experience in the field in order to be good as a therapist in interpreting the unconscious thoughts of a person. Though analysing the unconscious and memories of others, it also contradicts to the memories as the person cannot recall till his childhood and in return tell fake memories to fit the bill. Last but not least, in this modern age where personal information is of a high privacy to us, tell someone that we do not know of, our memories, problems and the unconscious who make some of us very uncomfortable and more likely to not do the actions that make us reveal or private infor mation and that could hurdle the psychoanalysis therapist. In conclusion, psychoanalysis therapy is a foundation for all psychotherapy as it lays a firm and concrete concept in the evolution of identifying the roots and the analysis of the mind and personalities that an individual has. It also lays down the rules that every individual is unique and every problem can and must tackle and resolved differently.

Cognitive Competence

Tomorrow’s Leader Term paper Topic: Cognitive Competence Wai (Synergy) Content Part 1 1. Definition cognitive competenceP. 3-4 2. Theory of cognitive competenceP. 5-8 3. Factors affecting cognitive competenceP. 9-10 4. Importance of cognitive competence in leadershipP. 11-12 5. Ways to enhance the level of cognitive competenceP. 13-14 Part 2 Self evaluationP. 15-17 Part 3 ReferenceP. 18-19 Part 1 Definition of cognitive competence 1. Cognitive competence is defined as the ability to perform adequately those cognitively complex tasks considered essential for living on one's own in this society. Willis SL. (1996). Everyday cognitive competence in elderly persons: conceptual issues and empirical findings, Oct;36(5):595-601) 2. The ability to develop and apply the cognitive skills of self-talk, the reading and interpretation of social cues, using steps for problem-solving and decision making, understanding the perspective of others, understanding behavioral norms, a positive attit ude towards life, and self –awareness. (The W. T. Grant Consortium on the School-Based Promotion of Social Competence (1992: 136)) 3. Academic and intellectual achievement. include the ability to use logic, analytic thinking, and abstract reasoning) (Catalano, R. F. , Berglund, M. L. , Ryan, J. A. M. , Lonczak, H. S. , ; Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5 (15), 1-106. ) This three definitions are little bit different. The third one is too narrow as it just mentioned academic and intellectual achievement. The second one, on the other hand, is not specific enough. In my understanding, I think cognitive competence is best defined using the first two definitions. Cognitive competence is defined as the ability to perform adequately those cognitively complex tasks considered essential for living on one's own in this society. It also includes unde rstanding the perspective of others, understanding behavioral norms, and self –awareness. † Theory Hui & Sun’s model (2007) This model divides cognitive competence into three types of thinking: 1. Creative thinking, a way of looking at problems or situations from a fresh perspective that suggests unorthodox solutions (which may look unsettling at first). 2. Critical thinking, which includes reasoning, making references, self-reflection, and coordination of multiple views. Critical thinking has been described as â€Å"the process of purposeful, self-regulatory judgment, which uses reasoned consideration to evidence, context, conceptualizations, methods, and criteria. † (Facione, Peter A. Critical Thinking: What It is and Why It Counts, Insightassessment. com) 3. Rational thinking refers to logical or reasoning being involved in the thought process. It refers to providing reasons or rational behind thoughts or ideas. It adds an element of calculation and planning to a steam of thoughts rather than basing them on emotion or personal opinion. It is a kind of objective process of thinking and an analytic approach to any problem. Rational thinking is based on reasons or facts and is hence much more calculating and realistic. Geiwitz’s model This model divides cognitive competence into three steps of thinking: 1. Know what, to know what is the problem 2. Know how, to know how the problem can be solved 3. Know why, to know why choose particular method to solve the problem, or to evaluate the method currently used. What How Why In Hui and Sun’s model, creative thinking is the innovative way of thinking. It allows people to invent new things or idea. Critical thinking is used when commenting on something, e. g. in writing editorials. As for rational thinking, it is used when analyzing. In my opinion, the second model is easier to understand. And it shows progressive levels of cognitive competence, whereas the first model only divides our thinking into three different ways. Therefore, I would further explain cognitive competence using the second model for reference. Take the example of inventors of the world’s first airplane – the Wright brothers, Orville and Wilbur. This is an good example to illustrate the concept of cognitive competence and the Geiwitz’s model. Applying the Geiwitz’s model, the Wright brothers’ aim was to create a â€Å"flying machine†, this is the â€Å"know what† level of cognitive competence. They then started to think and design this machine, and this is the â€Å"know how† level of cognitive competence. Finally they evaluated the products (what’s good and not good about it) and thought how to improve further. The â€Å"know how† and â€Å"know why† steps repeated. And finally an mature airplane was invented. Start Know what: to invent a flying machine Know how: How to built a better flying machine Know why: Why this model is good/not good enough Repeat A satisfatory model is invented Another example to illustrate is the development in high jump styles. The styles used in high-jumping has changed from initially scissors style, to straddle style, and finally the Fosbury style which is still using nowadays. Start Know what: to jump high Know how: What jumping style Know why: Why this style is good/not good enough Repeat A satisfatory syle is invented Factors affecting cognitive competence I think the factors affecting the development of one’s cognitive competence can be divided into intrinsic factors and extrinsic factors. Intrinsic factors are those confine to yourself, while extrinsic factors are those influenced by the environment. For intrinsic factors, I think there are: intelligence, personalities, knowledge and past experience. For intelligent, I think it is not difficult to imagine that it is important for high cognitive competence. Intelligence is particularly important for the â€Å"know how† and â€Å"know why† stage. Only if you are wise enough can you think of a new way to solve problem that no one has ever think of or find out what is the problem of existing method being used by other people. Moreover, intelligence is kind of inborn; therefore, cognitive competence is also inborn to a certain extent. As for personality, I think people with different personality may affect his/her performance in problem solving and the presentation of his cognitive competence. For example, if a person lacks confidence and likes to deal with problem in a low risk aspect, he/she may not abandon the existing widely used method to tackle the problem and use new methods even though he is clever enough to think of many other new potential methods. They may only attempt the new ways when they are 100% more effective and safer than the existing ones. Knowledge and past experience are very similar. They both can be regarded as memory. They are very important factors that affect cognitive competence. When tackling problems, memory always acts as your â€Å"reference†, it gives you basic information and background about the problem. And help you to figure out the solution in relation to this â€Å"reference†. Like the case of the Wright brothers, when they tried to invent a flying machine, their knowledge in engineering gives them basic information of how to build it. It is interesting to notice that sometimes past experience may hinder our cognitive performance. For example, when you are dealing with a project you are very familiar with, you might too much into your experience and knowledge and think that it is impossible to explore new methods. For extrinsic factors, there are: Environment (e. g. family background, situation of the problem) and the nature of problem Environment is the major extrinsic factor affecting one’s cognitive competence. It determines many of intrinsic factors including past experience, knowledge and even personality. Environment can also affects ones attitude to deal with the problem, thus performance of cognitive competence. For example, the due date of your proposal is tomorrow morning and now is already three o’clock in the morning and you haven’t even started yet. I am sure you may feel desperate and will not spend much time to think of the new ideas. Moreover, family socialization also affects cognitive competence and intelligence of people. (Grundmann, M. ; Teo, Thomas; Socialization, intelligence, and cognitive competence (1997)) Another one is the nature of the problem. It determines one’s past experience and knowledge are useful or not. It is because the past experience and knowledge can not apply to all situation. Importance of cognitive competence in leadership Cognitive competence is important in leadership. A research points out that cognitive skills were found to be directly correlate with high-level of leadership performance in a MLE (Military Leadership Exercises) research. (Marshall-Mies et al. , 2000) Often included intelligence, general skills, crystallized skills (e. g. oral and written expression and comprehension), and creative or divergent thinking capacities are cognitive capabilities that should influence leadership performance. (Connelly, Gilbert, Zaccaro, Threlfall, Marks & Mumford, 2000). I also agree that cognitive competence is important in leadership. First of all, leader with higher level of cognitive competence can deal with different kinds of problems with his own way of thinking. That means they can find out his own most effective way to tackle the problem without copying others method. This gives the leader independency that he does not need to rely on others too much. It also gives them maturity that they can have their own way of thinking. Independency and maturity surely are the important factors of a leader. This makes people happy and feeling safe to follow you. Secondly, leader with high level of cognitive competence can have great contribution to the team. They can give out a lot of useful ideas that no one has thought of before. This already makes them the strongest ones or the most unique ones in the team. People would love to follow leaders which are stronger than them. Again, this makes them feel safe. Finally, leaders with high level of cognitive competence can have a clear mind and know what is wrong in the team. They know what the team should do (goal). And they evaluate the performance of the team, and find out what should be improved. That means they are not only using cognitive skills in problem solving, but also in team management. It is because â€Å"team management† itself is already a task. People with higher cognitive competence usually have higher IQ and are conflicts encountering (Heydenberk R. A. and Heydenberk W. R. , Increasing Meta-Cognitive Competence through Conflict Resolution(2005)) Ways to enhance the level of cognitive competence Before discussing how to enhance the level of cognitive competence, I think we should first identify what cannot be changed or be improved. They are called constrains. Through understanding what are the constrains, we can focus on what can and what should be improved. The constrains include family background, intelligence and personality. These factors are sort of fixed, or can only have little change. So, to raise the level of cognitive competence, I think it is effective that we try to learn as much as possible. This is to enhance our knowledge and enrich our experience. As mentioned, knowledge and past experience are two important factors affecting one’s cognitive ability. This is because they are our own sources of information about the problem being coped. We can make use of this information to find a way to solve the problem. We may not figure out any new method, at least we know how people deal with it previously. In Janet E, Et Al, The Role of metacognition in Problem Solving, four steps of thinking is also mentioned to guide people to solve problems. They are: 1. Identifying and defining the problem 2. Mentally representing the problem 3. Planning how to proceed 4. Evaluating what you know about your performance This way of thinking can help people to organized their thoughts, so that they can deal with the problem step by step. I think it is a quite useful way to improve cognitive performance because it makes people organized and focus on one job at a time. This prevents them from being interrupted from different sources. Furthermore, it helps people to think logically. Part 2 Self-reflection Hong Kong students are known to be a copycat. We are blamed to have low level of creativity and afraid to try new things. People always say that we just copy things from others or textbooks without digesting them. But I think it is not totally my case. I am not a stupid student. I used to be very creative in primary school. Others describe me as naughty. It is because all my creativity is used in inventing new ways to play tricks on my classmates. I remember one time I played a game in an activity class. My teacher ask my group to use a deck of playing cards to build a tower as high as we can. Then we started. Other groups are using the traditional method (see left). Obviously it requires high technique. Therefore they can only built towers with few floors high. But I figured out another method. I folded up two cards, turned them sideway to make two â€Å"L† shape walls, put them facing each other to make a square wall, on top of it I placed a flat card. And I repeated to do this. Of course, my team built the highest tower. But guess what happened next. My teacher told us that was against the rules. Playing cards are not supposed to be folded (She didn’t tell us before the game). We lose that competition at the end. I think, after this event, my creativity started to slowly bury in my heart deeply. When I recall this event, I discover one important thing. That is our creativity is often being restricted by our teachers, and our education system. Teachers set all the projects, homework with rules and restrictions, trying to make them easier to mark and compare. But this made our assignments all looking the same. Examination questions have all the model answers, this made our student the same person who can only memorize answers without digesting the questions and answer them in their own way. Not that I don’t have critical thinking and creativity. It is just because they have to be thrown away to survive in HK’s education system. Take the example of A-level exams, the curriculum is very tight that teachers even cannot have time to teach us all the topics included. How would I have time to individually explore all the topics taught? Instead, in order to get high grades in this exam, I spent most of the time on memorizing past paper’s model answers. I know it would not help my cognitive development, but getting into a good university is more important to me. I believe this is also the problem of many students. Now, when I am given a problem to solve, I still try my best to explore the alternatives. May be this is due to my personality. I just don’t like to be the same with others. I like to be unique. But I think I am not creative as I was small anymore. Apart from the reason about the restrictions set by teachers just discussed, another possible reason may be due to my own knowledge and experience. As I mentioned in part 1 of this report, knowledge and experience, although can help to solve your problem, they sometimes hinder your cognitive performance. Sometimes this happens to me. I just rely too much on the knowledge and experience, and cannot think out of the box. But the major reason is still because of the education system in HK. But in the university, a place to train student’s critical thinking and creativity, I think that this problem would become less severe. To improve my cognitive abilities, I think the best way is to train to have independent critical thinking. Don’t rely too much on knowledge from any sources and my own or others’ past experience. Always try my best to look for other possible alternatives. Although this might spend a lot more time and at the end there may not come up any new things. But I think the process can also help me to develop my cognitive skills. Although it might hinder my cognitive performance, I think it is still important to enrich my knowledge and broaden my horizon. This is because learning more can let me compare different theories and thus train my independent critical thinking. They are also my valuable first encountered source when any problem comes to me. Part 3 Reference Willis SL. (1996). Everyday cognitive competence in elderly persons: conceptual issues and empirical findings, Oct;36(5):595-601 The W. T. Grant Consortium on the School-Based Promotion of Social Competence (1992: 136) Catalano, R. F. , Berglund, M. L. , Ryan, J. A. M. , Lonczak, H. S. , & Hawkins, J. D. (2002). Positive youth development in the United States: Research findings on evaluations of positive youth development programs. Prevention and Treatment, 5 (15), 1-106. Grundmann, M. ; Teo, Thomas; Socialization, intelligence, and cognitive competence (1997) Marshall-Mies et al. , 2000 Connelly, Gilbert, Zaccaro, Threlfall, Marks & Mumford, 2000 Heydenberk R. A. and Heydenberk W. R. , Increasing Meta-Cognitive Competence through Conflict Resolution(2005)

The Importance Of Looking At The Sky - 1336 Words

For thousands of years now, people have been observing the sky and the universe. Most would assume that this did not happen until the Renaissance period, from the 14th to the 17th century, when in fact it started much earlier than that. We can thank many of the Greeks for this matter, such as Aristotle for an example. The main reasons for the use of looking at the sky was obvious in many cases, the two main reasons were for traveling and farming. It was essential for surviving to know the seasons for crops and to tell what kind of weather was to come before going places. One person who played a huge role in astronomy and science was Galileo Galilei. Galileo had paved the way for many modern day scientists and innovations. This man had devoted his entire life to his findings and to better educate the public. In the poem â€Å"The Old Astronomer to His Pupil,† it was said by Sarah Williams, â€Å"I have loved the stars too fondly to be fearful of the night,† and this perf ectly explains the relationship Galileo had with astronomy. With all the struggles that Galileo went through he could have stopped believing in what he did, yet he never did. His ideas were revolutionary in science and the world. Galileo Galilei was born on February 15th in the year 1564 in Pisa, Italy. This period of time was right in the middle of the Renaissance era. Galilei was the first born of six children to a famous musician and scholar by the name of Vincenzo Galilei and Giulia degli Ammannati. His familyShow MoreRelatedThe Starry Night Over The Rhone901 Words   |  4 Pageswater. A range of dark to medium blue hues is presented in the sky and in the river. The city street lights glimmer an intense yellow-orange and cast a pale yellow reflection across the water. Above in the sky, the stars sparkle a lighter yellow aura, enlightening the night sky. In contrast, Monet incorporates mostly cool, dull colors of various blues and greys in his painting, but also includes splashes of warm colors in the sun, sky, and the reflection of the sun in the water. Monet’s goal wasRead MoreAnalysis Of Van Gogh s Starry Night Sky1210 Words   |  5 PagesOne of Vincent Van Gogh’s most world renowned paintings is his landscape oil painting Starry Night. The painting displays a small town underneath an unusual yet still extremely beautiful night sky. In this night sky, Van Gogh utilizes an array of colors that blend well together in order to enhance the sky as a whole. The town is clearly a small one due to the amount of buildings that are present in the painting itself. In this small town most of the buildings have lights on which symbolize life inRead MorePablo Picasso Cubism Essay1071 Words   |  5 Pagestrees are displayed next to a high and slim building. â€Å"When we discovered Cubism, we did not have the aim of discoveri ng cubism. We only wanted to express what was in us†. – Pablo Picasso. The sky has a tone of darkness coming from the left and as it slowly travels to the right, the tones of the sky gets lighter. . â€Å"When we discovered Cubism, we did not have the aim of discovering cubism. We only wanted to express what was in us†. – Pablo Picasso. CUBISM: PABLO PICASSO’S ARTWORK CUBISM: Read MoreAnalysis Of Bamboo In A Spring Thunderstorm1151 Words   |  5 Pagesleft hand-side to right hand-side. The bamboos in this painting, looks not only high, but also the spirit of selfless dedication. If we stand under at its feet, we are like a little ant. Looked up at the bamboo, it is tall and thin, straight into the sky, and seems to be a giant. Its tiny leaves, one by one standing on the branches, that little leaf like a knife inserted in it. The bamboo is not afraid of pain. The style of the bamboos fluttering in the wind, and full of dynamic. From this paintingRead MoreStarry Night By Vincent Van Gogh990 Words   |  4 Pagesthe colors may be mellow and cool, but they are all very unique and different in their own ways. Van Gogh uses the actual stars in Starry Night to create a stark contrast to the rest of the scene. The stars shine bright yellow and orange in the night sky, drawing the viewers gaze and attention. Yet at the same time there is an ominous black object in the foreground of the painting, the object is said to be a cypress tree but it is no less interpreted for its possible deeper meanings. The painting usesRead MoreThe Spectacular Baptism Of Christ1744 Words   |  7 Pagescreated this painting. The painting has a description of what seems to look like a half-naked person who is surrounded by what looks like a body of water and has another person pouring some type of liquid on top of his head. This image is the center importance of the peace because it’s what’s closer to the audience and doesn’t fade into the background. It looks like the main focus of this painting is literally in the center of the piece. Anyone that were to ever view this painting could tell from theRead More Inevitability of Change in Stephen Cranes The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky1056 Words   |  5 PagesInevitability of Change in Stephen Cranes The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky Humans are creatures of habit. In his work The Bride Comes to Yellow Sky, Stephen Crane considers this apparent truism as well as its sometimes unfortunate consequences. In the story, Scratchy Wilson and Jack Potter face a dramatically changing society. Although their actions and emotions concerning the changes in their town differ, Scratchy and Potter are both very fearful of the inescapable easternizing influencesRead MoreComparing The Greek, Chinese, And The Christian Stories1738 Words   |  7 Pagesday he emerged from the cosmic egg and began creating the world, the cosmic egg is a common concept that indicates of the universe. He pushed the egg apart and thereby splitting the yin and yang, creating the Earth (yin, which means murky) and the Sky (yang, which means clear) (Pangu and the Chinese Creation Story). When Pan Gu died, parts of his body were turned into different features of the universe (Pan Gu). This is the creation story for the Chinese. The Christian creation story is differentRead MoreAnalysis Of Vanilla Sky705 Words   |  3 Pages Vanilla Sky I have selected to do my media critique paper on a film called Vanilla Sky. Vanilla Sky is a film directed by Cameron Crowe. It is the English version of Alejandro Amenà ¡bars Spanish film called Open Your Eyes. The film has been described as an odd mixture of hard strong emotion, romance and a twist of science fiction. The film starring Vanilla Sky Tom Cruise, Penelope Cruz, and Cameron Diaz with Jason Lee and Kurt RussellRead MorePristine Contentment Essay590 Words   |  3 Pagesindifference. She is reborn, starts anew and creates a new life for herself. Ehrlich even cut her hair and buys new clothes to create a quot;newquot; and different person. To read and understand this essay means looking deeper into the authors story of rebirth, and how the big Wyoming skies were healing and put things into perspective for her. Thus, improving her quality of life without any fillers or distractions. Ehrlichs purpose for being in Wyoming, is best described in the quote, quot;I

Malcolm Xs Strategies - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 973 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Malcolm X Essay Did you like this example? Malcolm X was civil rights activist, born in Omaha Nebraska in 1925. He wrote many essays to inform citizens in the United States of the struggles and difficulties that African Americans face while simply attempting to get an education. He also wanted to persuade African Americans to take action in the civil rights movement. In this essay, I will be exploring Malcolm Xs article Learning to Read looking more deeply into techniques and strategies like pathos, ethos, logos, and tone used in writing that helped convey his message. Malcolm X wanted to stress the importance, especially to African Americans, of reading and writing. He states that In the streets, I had been the most articulate hustler out there- I had commanded attention when I said something. But now, trying to write simple English, I not only wasnt eloquent, I wasnt even functional (Malcolm 107). When Malcolm was only in the eighth grade he became involved in organized crime and could not read or write. When is prison he changed his life for the better. He dedicated his time and energy teaching himself to read and write. He made an important point that it doesnt matter how weak your rhetoric skills are you can always advance them. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Malcolm Xs Strategies" essay for you Create order Malcolm X uses many rhetoric devices, but one that is very evident is his use of tone. Tone is established when one puts the language together. The first part of the language is punctuation. Malcolms uses dashes to help support his point. An example of when he uses dashes is when he says that between Mr. Muhammads teaching. My correspondence, my visitors usually Ella and Reginald-and my reading books.. (Malcolm 108). This dash emphasizes the words reading books and the importance behind them. Another factor that contributes to the language is his use of quotation marks. For example, when he talks about skin game he puts quotation marks around the phrase because he wants to stress the significance of the tension happening in the United Nations through sarcasm with quotation marks (Malcolm 113). The next factor in language is when Malcolm uses italicized words. He says how is a black man going to get civil rights before first he wins human rights (Malcolm 114). The italicized word imme diately catches the readers eye. In this specific example, he italicize human to show how ridiculous it is that people believe if they give people equality based on skin color it will somehow make up for the loss of their human rights, to be treated with respect. Although the tone in the essay changes multiple times throughout the essay from anger to passive to formal, I believe the overall tone is passion. In Malcolm Xs essay Learning to Read he uses pathos, ethos, and logos to make his argument stronger by persuading the reader. The main point he is trying to make is that formal education is good but not needed because you can become educated through other options. He says that the most important rhetoric skill to advance you in society is reading, writing and persuasive speaking. Malcolm taught himself to read and write in prison by asking for a dictionary, paper and something to write with. Next, he copied down every single word in the entire dictionary. When talking about the process he says I woke up the next morning, thinking about those words-immensely proud to realize that not only had I written so much at one time, but Id written words that I never knew were in the world. Moreover, with little effort, I also could remember what many of these words meant (Malcolm 108). He uses logos by explaining his advancement to his readers by saying I suppose it was inevitable that as ny wo rd-base broaden, I could for the first time pick up a book and read and now begin to understand what the book is saying (Malcolm 108). Another techniques he uses is pathos, by explaining how reading has been very beneficial by saying I knew right there in prison that reading had changed forever the course of my life. As I see it today, the ability to read awoke inside me some long dormant craving to be mentally alive (Malcolm 113). This helps establish a connection between him and his audience emotionally. Another key part of pathos is using high vocabulary, like Malcolm X does. When he gets to a subject he feels extremely passionate about, he uses words that represent the emotion he feels. Again helping readers connect to the piece. Malcolm proves his credibility by stating that he was contacted by an English journalist from London. The journalist asks him about his experiences and asks about Malcolms alma mater. He responds that his alma mater was books (Malcolm 113). The signifi cance of the interview between the two, is proving that Malcolm sounds intelligence, so the journalist makes the assumption he went to college. This helps prove his point that even if you arent a college graduate you can still make a difference in society. In Malcolm Xs essay Learning to Read he persuades his audience to support his beliefs and ideas by the use of rhetorical strategies. His argument is supported through logos, pathos, ethos and tone. At the start of the essay Malcolm X was a drop out and imprisoned, but with motivation and dedication he has changed his life completely. He argued that his studies in prison are more valuable than a college degree. Malcolm X was so angered by the inequality toward African Americans he established an organization. He demonstrates his rhetoric skills that he acquired in his prison studies to become a very well respected and intelligent civil rights activist in the world. Malcolm X uses his rhetoric style in his autobiography to express his thoughts and beliefs about education and inequality, and the style he uses is why this essay is still very popular today.